国家安全监管总局、国家煤矿安监局关于近期五起较大以上煤矿事故的通报
国家安全监管总局 国家煤矿安监局
国家安全监管总局 国家煤矿安监局关于近期五起较大以上煤矿事故的通报
安监总煤调〔2010〕120号
各产煤省、自治区、直辖市及新疆生产建设兵团煤矿安全监管部门和煤炭行业管理部门，各省级煤矿安全监察机构，司法部直属煤矿管理局，有关中央企业：
7月16至18日，全国煤矿连续发生了5起较大以上事故，共造成59人死亡和被困，给人民生命财产造成了重大损失。现将事故有关情况通报如下：
7月16日，四川省达州市宣汉县七里乡乱石沟煤矿发生一起中毒窒息事故，死亡6人。该矿为乡镇煤矿，属于资源整合矿井，低瓦斯矿井。初步分析，该矿在未采取安全措施的情况下，擅自安排2人到被整合的七里煤矿（已关闭）井下查看情况，造成2人中毒窒息死亡；事故发生后，又盲目组织4人入井施救，全部中毒窒息死亡。
7月17日，河南省郑煤集团汝州公司新岭煤矿发生一起火灾事故，死亡8人。该矿为郑煤集团整合兼并矿井，技改初步设计已获批复，安全专篇正在报批过程中。事故发生在该矿西井井下，巷道着火产生大量有毒有害气体，造成作业人员死亡。
7月17日，陕西省渭南市韩城市小南沟煤矿发生一起火灾事故，死亡28人。该矿为乡镇煤矿，属资源整合矿井。初步分析，该矿副斜井动力电缆被运送材料的矿车撞断，短路着火并引燃井下木支架等可燃物，产生大量有毒有害气体，造成矿工中毒窒息死亡。
7月18日，甘肃省酒泉市金塔县金源矿业公司芨芨台子煤矿发生一起透水事故，死亡5人、被困8人。该矿为乡镇煤矿，属新建矿井。初步分析，该矿掘进过程中打透老空区积水，导致事故发生。
7月18日，辽宁省南票煤电有限公司大窑沟矿发生一起瓦斯爆炸事故，死亡4人。该矿为国有重点煤矿，低瓦斯矿井。初步分析，该矿西翼回采工作面采空区大面积垮落，造成回风顺槽堵塞，致使工作面瓦斯积聚，遇到火源后发生爆炸。
以上5起事故暴露出一些煤矿企业安全责任不落实、安全措施不完善、安全管理不到位等突出问题，也反映出一些地方对资源整合和新建矿井安全监管不严格、安全执法检查不深入等薄弱环节。为深刻吸取事故教训，切实加强煤矿安全生产工作，有效防范和坚决遏制煤矿重特大事故，促进煤矿安全生产形势的持续稳定好转，特提出以下要求：
一、高度重视煤矿安全生产工作。各地要认真贯彻落实7月20日召开的全国安全生产（季度）视频会议精神，正确认识当前煤矿安全生产形势，进一步增强做好煤矿安全生产工作的紧迫感、使命感和责任感，继续深入开展“安全生产年”活动，全面深化安全生产“三项行动”和“三项建设”各项工作措施，部署好三季度煤矿安全生产工作和“打非治违”专项行动，进一步加强煤矿企业安全生产管理与监督工作，强化安全生产管理机制，严格安全生产责任考核，真正把煤矿安全生产各项规章制度和技术措施落实到基层、落实到岗位，有效防范和坚决遏制煤矿重特大事故的发生。
二、切实加强煤矿建设项目的安全管理。各地要严格落实煤矿建设项目安全责任，进一步明确建设、设计、施工、监理等单位责任；严格履行煤矿项目建设程序，新建项目、改扩建项目必须履行项目核准、初步设计和安全设施设计审查程序；扎实做好煤矿建设项目基础工作，加强煤田地质勘查，尤其是要查清水文地质和瓦斯地质情况；合理安排煤矿建设项目施工顺序，建设单位不得随意压减工期、不得盲目赶超进度。煤矿建设项目安全设施设计未经审查合格的，一律不得开工；未经验收合格的，一律不得投产。
三、进一步规范煤炭资源整合。各地区要进一步落实各有关部门在煤炭资源整合工作中的职责，确保煤炭资源整合工作规范、有序进行。对纳入资源整合范围的矿井，必须先关闭后整合；对实施整合的矿井，要按照建设项目进行管理。要督促整合矿井的法人主体建立健全安全管理机构，制定安全生产工作制度，落实安全生产责任制。要切实加强煤炭资源整合期间的安全监管，严防借整合之名拖延或逃避关闭，严防整合期间违规生产，严防验收走过场。
四、进一步深化隐患排查治理工作。要督促煤矿企业认真落实安全生产隐患排查治理主体责任，建立和完善安全生产隐患排查、治理和报告制度，切实开展好水害、瓦斯、防灭火专项整治和中央企业煤矿安全专项检查。要立足于查大系统、治大隐患、防大事故，加强现场监督检查，全面深入排查治理煤矿各生产系统、各生产环节存在的隐患。对查处的重大安全隐患，要挂牌督办、跟踪治理，对整改措施不落实、违法违规组织生产的煤矿，要依法严肃惩处。
五、依法查处煤矿事故和违法违规行为。各级煤矿安全监管、煤炭行业管理部门和煤矿安全监察机构要切实加大执法检查力度，依法打击煤矿非法违法生产建设行为，依法查处违章指挥、违章作业、违反劳动纪律行为。驻地煤矿安全监察机构要按照“四不放过”和“依法依规、实事求是、注重实效”的原则，严肃查处事故，严厉追究有关人员责任，特别是进一步加大对非法违法生产导致事故的责任追究力度，通过责任追究推动安全生产责任制的落实。通过吸取事故教训，举一反三，认真整改，促进煤矿安全生产工作。
请各省级煤矿安全监管部门及时将本通报精神传达到辖区内所有煤矿。
国家安全生产监督管理总局
国家煤矿安全监察局
二○一○年七月二十二日
中华人民共和国国境卫生检疫法(附英文)
全国人民代表大会
中华人民共和国主席令（六届第46号）
《中华人民共和国国境卫生检疫法》已由中华人民共和国第六届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十八次会议于1986年12月2日通过，现予公布，自1987年5月1日起施行。
中华人民共和国主席 李先念
1986年12月2日
中华人民共和国国境卫生检疫法
（1986年12月2日第六届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十八次会议通过 1986年12月2日中华人民共和国主席令第四十六号公布 自1987年5月1日起施行）
第一章 总 则
第一条 为了防止传染病由国外传入或者由国内传出，实施国境卫生检疫，保护人体健康，制定本法。
第二条 在中华人民共和国国际通航的港口、机场以及陆地边境和国界江河的口岸（以下简称国境口岸），设立国境卫生检疫机关，依照本法规定实施传染病检疫、监测和卫生监督。
国务院卫生行政部门主管全国国境卫生检疫工作。
第三条 本法规定的传染病是指检疫传染病和监测传染病。
检疫传染病，是指鼠疫、霍乱、黄热病以及国务院确定和公布的其他传染病。
监测传染病，由国务院卫生行政部门确定和公布。
第四条 入境、出境的人员、交通工具、运输设备以及可能传播检疫传染病的行李、货物、邮包等物品，都应当接受检疫，经国境卫生检疫机关许可，方准入境或者出境。具体办法由本法实施细则规定。
第五条 国境卫生检疫机关发现检疫传染病或者疑似检疫传染病时，除采取必要措施外，必须立即通知当地卫生行政部门，同时用最快的方法报告国务院卫生行政部门，最迟不得超过二十四小时。邮电部门对疫情报告应当优先传送。
中华人民共和国与外国之间的传染病疫情通报，由国务院卫生行政部门会同有关部门办理。
第六条 在国外或者国内有检疫传染病大流行的时候，国务院可以下令封锁有关的国境或者采取其他紧急措施。
第二章 检 疫
第七条 入境的交通工具和人员，必须在最先到达的国境口岸的指定地点接受检疫。除引航员外，未经国境卫生检疫机关许可，任何人不准上下交通工具，不准装卸行李、货物、邮包等物品。具体办法由本法实施细则规定。
第八条 出境的交通工具和人员，必须在最后离开的国境口岸接受检疫。
第九条 来自国外的船舶、航空器因故停泊、降落在中国境内非口岸地点的时候，船舶、航空器的负责人应当立即向就近的国境卫生检疫机关或者当地卫生行政部门报告。除紧急情况外，未经国境卫生检疫机关或者当地卫生行政部门许可，任何人不准上下船舶、航空器，不准装卸行李、货物、邮包等物品。
第十条 在国境口岸发现检疫传染病、疑似检疫传染病，或者有人非因意外伤害而死亡并死因不明的，国境口岸有关单位和交通工具的负责人，应当立即向国境卫生检疫机关报告，并申请临时检疫。
第十一条 国境卫生检疫机关依据检疫医师提供的检疫结果，对未染有检疫传染病或者已实施卫生处理的交通工具，签发入境检疫证或者出境检疫证。
第十二条 国境卫生检疫机关对检疫传染病染疫人必须立即将其隔离，隔离期限根据医学检查结果确定；对检疫传染病染疫嫌疑人应当将其留验，留验期限根据该传染病的潜伏期确定。
因患检疫传染病而死亡的尸体，必须就近火化。
第十三条 接受入境检疫的交通工具有下列情形之一的，应当实施消毒、除鼠、除虫或者其他卫生处理：
（一）来自检疫传染病疫区的；
（二）被检疫传染病污染的；
（三）发现有与人类健康有关的啮齿动物或者病媒昆虫的。
如果外国交通工具的负责人拒绝接受卫生处理，除有特殊情况外，准许该交通工具在国境卫生检疫机关的监督下，立即离开中华人民共和国国境。
第十四条 国境卫生检疫机关对来自疫区的、被检疫传染病污染的或者可能成为检疫传染病传播媒介的行李、货物、邮包等物品，应当进行卫生检查，实施消毒、除鼠、除虫或者其他卫生处理。
入境、出境的尸体、骸骨的托运人或者其代理人，必须向国境卫生检疫机关申报，经卫生检查合格后发给入境、出境许可证，方准运进或者运出。
第三章 传染病监测
第十五条 国境卫生检疫机关对入境、出境的人员实施传染病监测，并且采取必要的预防、控制措施。
第十六条 国境卫生检疫机关有权要求入境、出境的人员填写健康申明卡，出示某种传染病的预防接种证书、健康证明或者其他有关证件。
第十七条 对患有监测传染病的人、来自国外监测传染病流行区的人或者与监测传染病人密切接触的人，国境卫生检疫机关应当区别情况，发给就诊方便卡，实施留验或者采取其他预防、控制措施，并及时通知当地卫生行政部门。各地医疗单位对持有就诊方便卡的人员，应当优先诊治。
第四章 卫生监督
第十八条 国境卫生检疫机关根据国家规定的卫生标准，对国境口岸的卫生状况和停留在国境口岸的入境、出境的交通工具的卫生状况实施卫生监督：
（一）监督和指导有关人员对啮齿动物、病媒昆虫的根除；
（二）检查和检验食品、饮用水及其储存、供应、运输设施；
（三）监督从事食品、饮用水供应的从业人员的健康状况，检查其健康证明书；
（四）监督和检查垃圾、废物、污水、粪便、压舱水的处理。
第十九条 国境卫生检疫机关设立国境口岸卫生监督员，执行国境卫生检疫机关交给的任务。
国境口岸卫生监督员在执行任务时，有权对国境口岸和入境、出境的交通工具进行卫生监督和技术指导，对卫生状况不良和可能引起传染病传播的因素提出改进意见，协同有关部门采取必要的措施，进行卫生处理。
第五章 法律责任
第二十条 对违反本法规定，有下列行为之一的单位或者个人，国境卫生检疫机关可以根据情节轻重，给予警告或者罚款：
（一）逃避检疫，向国境卫生检疫机关隐瞒真实情况的；
（二）入境的人员未经国境卫生检疫机关许可，擅自上下交通工具，或者装卸行李、货物、邮包等物品，不听劝阻的。
罚款全部上缴国库。
第二十一条 当事人对国境卫生检疫机关给予的罚款决定不服的，可以在接到通知之日起十五日内，向当地人民法院起诉。逾期不起诉又不履行的，国境卫生检疫机关可以申请人民法院强制执行。
第二十二条 违反本法规定，引起检疫传染病传播或者有引起检疫传染病传播严重危险的，依照《中华人民共和国刑法》第一百七十八条的规定追究刑事责任。
第二十三条 国境卫生检疫机关工作人员，应当秉公执法，忠于职守，对入境、出境的交通工具和人员，及时进行检疫；违法失职的，给予行政处分，情节严重构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
第六章 附 则
第二十四条 中华人民共和国缔结或者参加的有关卫生检疫的国际条约同本法有不同规定的，适用该国际条约的规定。但是，中华人民共和国声明保留的条款除外。
第二十五条 中华人民共和国边防机关与邻国边防机关之间在边境地区的往来，居住在两国边境接壤地区的居民在边境指定地区的临时往来，双方的交通工具和人员的入境、出境检疫，依照双方协议办理，没有协议的，依照中国政府的有关规定办理。
第二十六条 国境卫生检疫机关实施卫生检疫，按照国家规定收取费用。
第二十七条 国务院卫生行政部门根据本法制定实施细则，报国务院批准后施行。
第二十八条 本法自１９８７年５月１日起施行。１９５７年１２月２３日公布的《中华人民共和国国境卫生检疫条例》同时废止。
FRONTIER HEALTH AND QUARANTINE LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OFCHINA
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
FRONTIER HEALTH AND QUARANTINE LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF
CHINA
(Adopted at the 18th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the
Sixth National People's Congress, promulgated by Order No. 46 of the
President of the People's Republic of China on December 2, 1986, and
effective as of May 1, 1987)
Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Quarantine Inspection
Chapter III Monitoring of Infectious Diseases
Chapter IV Health Supervision
Chapter V Legal Liability
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
This Law is formulated in order to prevent infectious diseases from
spreading into or out of the country, to carry out frontier health and
quarantine inspection and to protect human health.
Article 2
Frontier health and quarantine offices shall be set up at international
seaports, airports and ports of entry at land frontiers and boundary
rivers (hereinafter referred to as "frontier ports") of the People's
Republic of China. These offices shall carry out the quarantining and
monitoring of infectious diseases, and health inspection in accordance
with the provisions of this Law.
Health administration departments under the State Council shall be in
charge of frontier health and quarantine work throughout the country.
Article 3
Infectious diseases specified in this Law shall include quarantinable
infectious diseases and infectious diseases to be monitored.
Quarantinable infectious diseases shall include plague, cholera, yellow
fever and other infectious diseases determined and announced by the State
Council. Infectious diseases to be monitored shall be determined and
announced by health administration departments under the State Council.
Article 4
Persons, conveyances and transport equipment, as well as articles such as
baggage, goods and postal parcels that may transmit quarantinable
infectious diseases, shall undergo quarantine inspection upon entering or
exiting the country. No entry or exit shall be allowed without the
permission of a frontier health and quarantine office. Specific measures
for implementation of this Law shall be stipulated in detailed
regulations.
Article 5
On discovering a quarantinable infectious disease or a disease suspected
to be quarantinable, a frontier health and quarantine office shall, in
addition to taking necessary measures, immediately notify the local health
administration department; at the same time, it shall make a report to the
health administration department under the State Council by the most
expeditious means possible, within 24 hours at the latest. Post and
telecommunications departments shall give priority to transmissions of
reports of epidemic diseases.
Messages exchanged between the People's Republic of China and foreign
countries on the epidemic situation of infectious diseases shall be
handled by the health administration department under the State Council in
conjunction with other departments concerned.
Article 6
When a quarantinable infectious disease is prevalent abroad or within
China, the State Council may order relevant sections of the border to be
blockaded or adopt other emergency measures.
Chapter II Quarantine Inspection
Article 7
Persons and conveyances on entering the country shall be subject to
quarantine inspection at designated places at the first frontier port of
their arrival. Except for harbour pilots, no person shall be allowed to
embark on or disembark from any means of transport and no articles such as
baggage, goods or postal parcels shall be loaded or unloaded without the
health and quarantine inspector's permission. Specific measures for the
implementation of this Law shall be stipulated in detailed regulations.
Article 8
Persons and conveyances exiting the country shall be subject to quarantine
inspection at the last frontier port of departure.
Article 9
When foreign ships or airborne vehicles anchor or land at places other
than frontier ports in China, the persons in charge of the ships or
airborne vehicles must report immediately to the nearest frontier health
and quarantine office or to the local health administration department.
Except in cases of emergency, no person shall be allowed to embark on or
disembark from the ship or airborne vehicle, and no articles such as
baggage, goods and postal parcels shall be loaded or unloaded without the
permission of a frontier health and quarantine office or the local health
administration department.
Article 10
When a quarantinable infectious disease, a disease suspected to be
quarantinable or a death due to an unidentified cause other than
accidental harm is discovered at a frontier port, the relevant department
at the frontier port and the person in charge of the conveyance must
report immediately to the frontier health and quarantine office and apply
for provisional quarantine inspection.
Article 11
According to the results of an inspection made by quarantine doctors, the
frontier health and quarantine office shall sign and issue a quarantine
certificate for entry or exit to a conveyance either uncontaminated by any
quarantinable infectious disease or already given decontamination
treatment.
Article 12
A person having a quarantinable infectious disease shall be placed in
isolation by the frontier health and quarantine office for a period
determined by the results of the medical examination, while a person
suspected of having a quarantinable infectious disease shall be kept for
inspection for a period determined by the incubation period of such
disease. The corpse of anyone who died from a quarantinable infectious
disease must be cremated at a nearby place.
Article 13
Any conveyance subject to entry quarantine inspection shall be
disinfected, deratted, treated with insecticides or given other sanitation
measures when found to be in any of the following conditions:
(1) having come from an area where a quarantinable infectious disease is
epidemic;
(2) being contaminated by a quarantinable infectious disease; or
(3) revealing the presence of rodents which affect human health or insects
which are carriers of disease.
Apart from exceptional cases, when the person in charge of the foreign
conveyance refuses to allow sanitation measures to be taken, the
conveyance shall be allowed to leave the frontier of the People's Republic
of China without delay under the supervision of the frontier health and
quarantine office.
Article 14
A frontier health and quarantine office shall conduct sanitation
inspections and disinfect, derate, treat with insecticides or apply other
sanitation measures to articles such as baggage, goods and postal parcels
that come from an epidemic area and are contaminated by a quarantinable
infectious disease or may act as a vehicle of a quarantinable infectious
disease.
A consignor or an agent for the transportation of a corpse or human
remains into or out of the country must declare the matter to a frontier
health and quarantine office; transport thereof, in either direction
across the border, shall not be allowed until sanitary inspection proves
satisfactory and an entry or exit permit is given.
Chapter III Monitoring of Infectious Diseases
Article 15
Frontier health and quarantine offices shall monitor persons on entry or
exit for quarantinable infectious diseases and shall take necessary
preventive and control measures.
Article 16
Frontier health and quarantine offices shall be authorized to require
persons on entry or exit to complete a health declaration form and produce
certificates of vaccination against certain infectious diseases, a health
certificate or other relevant documents.
Article 17
For persons who suffer from infectious diseases to be monitored, who come
from areas in foreign countries where infectious diseases to be monitored
are epidemic or who have close contact with patients suffering from
infectious diseases to be monitored, the frontier health and quarantine
offices shall, according to each case, issue them medical convenience
cards, keep them for inspection or take other preventive or control
measures, while promptly notifying the local health administration
department about such cases. Medical services at all places shall give
priority in consultation and treatment to persons possessing medical
convenience cards.
Chapter IV Health Supervision
Article 18
Frontier health and quarantine offices shall, in accordance with state
health standards, exercise health supervision over the sanitary conditions
at frontier ports and the sanitary conditions of conveyances on entry or
exit at frontier ports. They shall:
(1) supervise and direct concerned personnel on the prevention and
elimination of rodents and insects that carry diseases;
(2) inspect and test food and drinking water and facilities for their
storage, supply and delivery;
(3) supervise the health of employees engaged in the supply of food and
drinking water and check their health certificates; and
(4) supervise and inspect the disposal of garbage, waste matter, sewage,
excrement and ballast water.
Article 19
Frontier health and quarantine offices shall have frontier port health
supervisors, who shall carry out the tasks assigned by the frontier health
and quarantine offices. In performing their duties, frontier port health
supervisors shall be authorized to conduct health supervision and give
technical guidance regarding frontier ports and conveyances on entry or
exit; to give advice for improvement wherever sanitary conditions are
unsatisfactory and factors exist that may spread infectious diseases; and
to coordinate departments concerned to take necessary measures and apply
sanitary treatment.
Chapter V Legal Liability
Article 20
A frontier health and quarantine office may warn or fine, according to the
circumstances, any unit or individual that has violated the provisions of
this Law by committing any of the following acts:
(1) evading quarantine inspection or withholding the truth in reports to
the frontier health and quarantine office;
(2) embarking on or disembarking from conveyances upon entry, or loading
or unloading articles such as baggage, goods or postal parcels, without
the permission of a frontier health and quarantine office and refusing to
listen to the office's advice against such acts. All fines thus collected
shall be turned over to the state treasury.
Article 21
If a concerned party refuses to obey a decision on a fine made by a
frontier health and quarantine office, he may, within 15 days after
receiving notice of the fine, file a lawsuit in a local people's court.
The frontier health and quarantine office may apply to the people's court
for mandatory enforcement of a decision if the concerned party neither
files a lawsuit nor obeys the decision within the 15-day term.
Article 22
If a quarantinable infectious disease is caused to spread or is in great
danger of being spread as a result of a violation of the provisions of
this Law, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with
Article 178 of the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China.
Article 23
The personnel of frontier health and quarantine offices must enforce this
Law impartially, perform duties faithfully and promptly conduct quarantine
inspection on conveyances and persons upon entry or exit. Those who
violate the law or are derelict in their duties shall be given
disciplinary sanctions; where circumstances are serious enough to
constitute a crime criminal responsibility shall be investigated in
accordance with the law.
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
Article 24
Where the provisions of this Law differ from those of international
treaties on health and quarantine that China has concluded or joined, the
provisions of such international treaties shall prevail, with the
exception of the treaty clauses on which the People's Republic of China
has declared reservations.
Article 25
In cases of temporary contact between frontier defence units of the
People's Republic of China and those of a neighbouring country, of a
temporary visit at a designated place on the frontier by residents of the
border areas of the two countries and of entry or exit of conveyances and
persons of the two sides, quarantine inspection shall be conducted in line
with the agreements between China and the other country or, in the absence
of such an agreement, in accordance with the relevant regulations of the
Chinese Government.
Article 26
Frontier health and quarantine offices shall charge for health and
quarantine services according to state regulations.
Article 27
The health administration department under the State Council shall, in
accordance with this Law, formulate rules for its implementation, which
shall go into effect after being submitted to and approved by the State
Council.
Article 28
This Law shall go into effect on May 1, 1987. On the same day, the
Frontier Health and Quarantine Regulations of the People's Republic of
China promulgated on December 23, 1957, shall be invalidated.
